A Framework for Providing Augmented Reality as a Service Provided by Cloud Computing for E-Learning

The main objective of the proposed study is to develop an e-learning system using augmented reality technology one of the main problems faces using AR in education is the huge computational power needed to transfer 2D animation to enrich learning facilities. Such problem increases when using smart mobile devices that suffer from hardware limitation. A promising framework is used to utilize cloud services to support augmented reality applications on the cloud. Such method significantly reduces consumption of memory and processing units when dealing with large size videos or images. Hence the augmented reality processing is speeded up to meet the requirements of E-learning systems. The proposed work was conducted on 100 students from different academic levels in the first semester of the year 2022. Three experiments were conducted for different fields of education including two-dimensional images using Unity Program (3D Software) to draw 3D objects and Vufoira software development kit. The experimental results showed promising results as the application has the flexibility to work on different platforms. Moreover the consumed memory to run the application is reduced significantly. The results also showed high performance for the application when drawing complex 3D images and when dealing with different animations. The study supported with a detailed questioner that proofs the importance of AR in the field of E-learning

Ga-Semicarbazone Complex: Potential PET Radiopharmaceutical for Tumor Imaging

In an attempt to develop new tumor imaging radiotracers with favorable biochemical properties, we have synthesized new 68 Ga-2-acetylpyridine semicarbazone ( 68 Ga-[APSC] 2 ) as a potential positron emission tomography (PET) tumor imaging agent using a straightforward and a one-step simple reaction. Radiochemical yield and purity were quantitative without HPLC purification. Biodistribution studies in nude mice model bearing human MDA-MB-231 cell line xenografts displayed significant tumor uptake of 68 Ga-[APSC] 2 radiotracer after 2 h postinjection (p.i.). The initial results demonstrate that 68 Ga-[APSC] 2 radiotracer may be useful probe for detecting and staging of hypoxic tumor using PET imaging modality

Solution chemistry of calix(4)arene amide derivatives: Applications in radiopharmaceuticals.

Following an overview in the field of calixarene chemistry given in the introduction, this thesis reports, i) The synthesis of p-text-butylcalix[4]arene tetraacetamides, thiophosphates and derivatives containing mixed functional groups and the characterisation by IR, NMR and microanalysis. ii) The solution thermodynamic of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetradiisopropylacetamide and the transfer thermodynamics of this ligand from acetonitrile to various solvents. iii) Spectrophotometric, potentiometric and calorimetric studies on the interaction of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetraacetamides and metal cations in butan-l-ol and in water saturated butan-l-ol at 298.15 K. Metal-ion complexes of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetradiisopropylacetamide were isolated and characterised by IR, NMR and spectroscopy and microanalysis. In butan-l-ol, the selectivity of this ligand for metal cations follows the sequence Na+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+ > Zn2+ > Ag+. However, this sequence is altered in the water saturated solvent to an extent that the strong complexation observed for this ligand and zinc(II) in butan-l-ol is non-existent in the water saturated solvent. Using complexation data in conjunction with solution data of the host, the guest and the resulting complex, enthalpies of coordination (referred to the process which reactants and the product in the solid state) were calculated. iv) Extraction experiments in the water-butan-l-ol solvent system at 298.15 K in the presence of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetradiisopropylacetamide were performed. The higher extraction of lead(II) relative to other metal cations from the aqueous solution to the organic phase in the presence of the ligand at low hydrogen-ion concentration is demonstrated. The extraction of radioactive lead(II) by the same ligand was investigated as a function of i) the pH of the aqueous phase ii) the ligand concentration in the organic phase. vi) A new polymeric material was obtained by attaching the ligand to the polymer. Final conclusions are drawn and suggestions for further work in this area are given

Solution chemistry of calix(4)arene amide derivatives: Applications in radiopharmaceuticals.

Following an overview in the field of calixarene chemistry given in the introduction, this thesis reports, i) The synthesis of p-text-butylcalix[4]arene tetraacetamides, thiophosphates and derivatives containing mixed functional groups and the characterisation by IR, NMR and microanalysis. ii) The solution thermodynamic of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetradiisopropylacetamide and the transfer thermodynamics of this ligand from acetonitrile to various solvents. iii) Spectrophotometric, potentiometric and calorimetric studies on the interaction of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetraacetamides and metal cations in butan-l-ol and in water saturated butan-l-ol at 298.15 K. Metal-ion complexes of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetradiisopropylacetamide were isolated and characterised by IR, NMR and spectroscopy and microanalysis. In butan-l-ol, the selectivity of this ligand for metal cations follows the sequence Na+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+ > Zn2+ > Ag+. However, this sequence is altered in the water saturated solvent to an extent that the strong complexation observed for this ligand and zinc(II) in butan-l-ol is non-existent in the water saturated solvent. Using complexation data in conjunction with solution data of the host, the guest and the resulting complex, enthalpies of coordination (referred to the process which reactants and the product in the solid state) were calculated. iv) Extraction experiments in the water-butan-l-ol solvent system at 298.15 K in the presence of p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene tetradiisopropylacetamide were performed. The higher extraction of lead(II) relative to other metal cations from the aqueous solution to the organic phase in the presence of the ligand at low hydrogen-ion concentration is demonstrated. The extraction of radioactive lead(II) by the same ligand was investigated as a function of i) the pH of the aqueous phase ii) the ligand concentration in the organic phase. vi) A new polymeric material was obtained by attaching the ligand to the polymer. Final conclusions are drawn and suggestions for further work in this area are given

Radioiodinated Naphthylalanine Derivatives Targeting Pancreatic Beta Cells in Normal and Nonobese Diabetic Mice

An imaging method capable of using a signal from pancreatic beta cells to determine their mass would be of immense value in monitoring the progression of diabetes as well as response to treatment. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are expressed on beta cells and are a potential target for imaging. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether pancreatic beta cells are a target for radiolabeled naphthylalanine derivatives. The molecules were subjected to in vitro and ex vivo evaluations. Pancreatic uptake of radioactivity was lower in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice than normal mice at all time points investigated (P < .05) and correlated with the number of islets in tissue sections of both control and NOD mice. Immunohistochemical and confocal fluorescent microscopic studies showed colocalization of insulin and the conjugate radioligand in the pancreas. The results demonstrated that pancreatic uptake is receptor-mediated, and that beta cells are the primary target

Synthesis and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of a New 68Ga-Semicarbazone Complex: Potential PET Radiopharmaceutical for Tumor Imaging

In an attempt to develop new tumor imaging radiotracers with favorable biochemical properties, we have synthesized new 68Ga-2-acetylpyridine semicarbazone (68Ga-[APSC]2) as a potential positron emission tomography (PET) tumor imaging agent using a straightforward and a one-step simple reaction. Radiochemical yield and purity were quantitative without HPLC purification. Biodistribution studies in nude mice model bearing human MDA-MB-231 cell line xenografts displayed significant tumor uptake of 68Ga-[APSC]2 radiotracer after 2 h postinjection (p.i.). The initial results demonstrate that 68Ga-[APSC]2 radiotracer may be useful probe for detecting and staging of hypoxic tumor using PET imaging modality